microsoft/qdk
Publicmirrored from https://github.com/microsoft/qdkAvailable
samples/OpenQASM/RandomNumber.qasm
44lines · modeblame
285baa4cDmitryVasilevsky1 years ago | 1 | // OpenQASM Quantum Random Number Generator |
| 2 | // | |
| 3 | // This program implements a quantum random number generator by setting qubits | |
| 4 | // in superposition and then using the measurement results as random bits. | |
| 5 | | |
| 6 | OPENQASM 3; | |
| 7 | include "stdgates.inc"; | |
| 8 | | |
| 9 | // Generates one random bit using a qubit `q`. | |
| 10 | def GenerateRandomBit(qubit q) -> bit { | |
| 11 | // Resets qubit `q` to |0〉 state | |
| 12 | reset q; | |
| 13 | // Sets the qubit into superposition of 0 and 1 using the Hadamard gate. | |
| 14 | h q; | |
| 15 | | |
| 16 | // At this point qubit `q` has 50% chance of being measured in the |0〉 state | |
| 17 | // and 50% chance of being measured in the |1〉 state. | |
| 18 | bit b = measure q; | |
| 19 | | |
| 20 | // Return the measurement result - a random bit. | |
| 21 | return b; | |
| 22 | } | |
| 23 | | |
| 24 | // Generates a random integer with `nBit` bits using qubit `q` | |
| 25 | def GenerateRandomNumber(qubit q, int nBits) -> int { | |
| 26 | int number = 0; | |
| 27 | | |
| 28 | // Loop `nBits` times to generate `nBits` random bits. | |
| 29 | for int k in [1:nBits] { | |
| 30 | // Shift the number left by 1 to make space for the next bit. | |
| 31 | number <<= 1; | |
| 32 | // Set the least significant bit of the number to a random bit. | |
| 33 | number |= GenerateRandomBit(q); | |
| 34 | } | |
| 35 | | |
| 36 | // Return the random number. | |
| 37 | return number; | |
| 38 | } | |
| 39 | | |
| 40 | // User one qubit `q`. | |
| 41 | qubit q; | |
| 42 | | |
| 43 | // Generate a 5-bit random number using the qubit `q`. | |
| 44 | int random = GenerateRandomNumber(q, 5); |